Critical Minerals Security Act of 2025 | ChamberLight

REPORTED· 119TH CONGRESS

Senate BillS 789Strategic materials and reservesInternational organizations and cooperation

Critical Minerals Security Act of 2025

INTRO FEB 27· LAST ACTION JUN 10

READING

7MIN

COSPONSORS

6BIPARTISAN

READER REACTIONS0 TOTAL

NO VOTES YET · BE THE FIRST

Introduced only

LEGISLATIVE PROGRESS

STEP 3 / 8

Introduced

In Committee

Reported

Passed Senate

Passed House

Conference

To President

Became Law

WHAT THE BILL DOES

AI-written

Voters should care about this bill because critical minerals are the building blocks for many modern technologies, from the smartphones in our pockets to advanced weapons systems. Currently, the U.S. and its allies rely heavily on a few foreign countries, particularly China, for the supply and processing of these essential materials. If these supply chains are disrupted, it could impact everything from the cost and availability of consumer goods to national security.

This bill aims to reduce that reliance by mapping global resources, understanding who controls them, and developing domestic capabilities. If it becomes law, it could lead to a more secure and diverse supply of critical minerals, potentially stabilizing prices, fostering innovation in mining and recycling technologies, and strengthening national security. If it doesn't pass, the U.S. could remain vulnerable to supply chain disruptions and geopolitical leverage from foreign adversaries regarding these vital resources.

KEY PROVISIONS

4AI-extracted

PROVISION 01

Requires the Secretary of the Interior to submit detailed, biennial reports to Congress on global critical mineral and rare earth element resources, including who controls them and current mining operations.

Provides crucial intelligence on the global supply chain, highlighting vulnerabilities and opportunities for the U.S. and its allies.

PROVISION 02

Mandates the identification of "foreign entities of concern" controlling critical mineral resources and operations, as well as U.S. and allied control.

Directly addresses geopolitical competition over critical resources by pinpointing areas of foreign adversary influence.

PROVISION 03

Establishes a process for U.S. persons to notify the government when divesting stock in foreign critical mineral operations, with potential assistance to find non-adversary buyers.

Helps prevent valuable critical mineral assets from falling under the control of foreign adversaries when U.S. entities sell off investments.

PROVISION 04

Requires the development of a strategy for advanced mining, refining, separation, processing, and recycling technologies for critical minerals.

Aims to improve domestic capabilities and reduce reliance on foreign processing by fostering technological innovation.

SPONSORSHIP

1 + 6

COSPONSOR BREAKDOWNBIPARTISAN · 80%

DEM 3 REP 2 IND 1

ACTION TIMELINE

6 EVENTS

JUN 10

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Ordered to be reported with an amendment in the nature of a substitute favorably.

COMMITTEE

MAR 12

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Hearings held. Hearings printed: S.Hrg. 119-46.

COMMITTEE

MAR 12

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Hearings held. Hearings printed: S.Hrg. 119-46.

COMMITTEE

FEB 27

Introduced in Senate

INTROREFERRAL

BILL INFO

TypeSenate Bill

NumberS 789

Congress119th

StatusReported

IntroducedFeb 27, 2025

Last actionJun 10, 2026

READER REACTIONS

OVERALL SENTIMENT

No reactions yet. Be the first to weigh in.

Discussion

Loading comments...

Call my reps

REPORTED· 119TH CONGRESS · ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES COMMITTEE · INTRODUCED FEB 27, 2025

Senate BillS 789Strategic materials and reservesInternational organizations and cooperation

Critical Minerals Security Act of 2025

INTRODUCED FEB 27, 2025· LAST ACTION JUN 10, 2026

PASSAGE CHANCES

—%

READING

7 min

COSPONSORS

COMPLEXITY

Moderate

Call my reps

LEGISLATIVE PROGRESS

STEP 3 OF 8

Introduced

In Committee

Reported

Passed Senate

Passed House

Conference

To President

Became Law

Introduced
In Committee
Reported
Passed Senate
Passed House
Conference
To President
Became Law

WHAT THE BILL DOES

AI-written

KEY PROVISIONS

AI-extracted

high

Provides crucial intelligence on the global supply chain, highlighting vulnerabilities and opportunities for the U.S. and its allies.

high

Mandates the identification of "foreign entities of concern" controlling critical mineral resources and operations, as well as U.S. and allied control.

Directly addresses geopolitical competition over critical resources by pinpointing areas of foreign adversary influence.

med

Establishes a process for U.S. persons to notify the government when divesting stock in foreign critical mineral operations, with potential assistance to find non-adversary buyers.

Helps prevent valuable critical mineral assets from falling under the control of foreign adversaries when U.S. entities sell off investments.

med

Requires the development of a strategy for advanced mining, refining, separation, processing, and recycling technologies for critical minerals.

Aims to improve domestic capabilities and reduce reliance on foreign processing by fostering technological innovation.

DEADLINES & DATES

AI-extracted

An AI model extracted this from the bill’s official record and can make mistakes. Check the official text ↗ (opens in new tab)

Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment, and every 2 years thereafter.

First report on critical mineral and rare earth element resources due.

Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment.

Process for notifying U.S. Government of divestment must be established.

Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment.

Strategy on Development of Advanced Mining, Refining, Separation, Processing, and Recycling Technologies must be developed.

GLOSSARY

AI-written

Critical Mineral: A non-fuel mineral or material essential to the economic or national security of the United States and which has a supply chain vulnerable to disruption. Examples include lithium, cobalt, and manganese, used in batteries and electronics.
Rare Earth Elements: A group of 17 metallic elements that are crucial components in many high-tech devices, including cell phones, computer hard drives, electric vehicles, and defense systems. Examples are neodymium and dysprosium.
Foreign Entity of Concern: A government or company from a country deemed a national security risk, often specifically identified in other U.S. laws. This term is used to identify potential adversaries in critical supply chains.
Covered Nation: A specific foreign country identified in U.S. law as posing a national security threat, often related to military activities or economic competition.
Divest Stock: To sell off shares or ownership in a company or operation. In this context, it refers to U.S. companies selling their stakes in foreign mining or processing operations.
Supply Chain: The entire process of how a product is made and delivered, from getting the raw materials to manufacturing, transport, and final sale. For minerals, it includes mining, processing, refining, and distribution.

ACTION TIMELINE

6 EVENTS

JUN 10

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Ordered to be reported with an amendment in the nature of a substitute favorably.

COMMITTEE

MAR 12, 25

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Hearings held. Hearings printed: S.Hrg. 119-46.

COMMITTEE

MAR 12, 25

Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Hearings held. Hearings printed: S.Hrg. 119-46.

COMMITTEE

FEB 27, 25

Introduced in Senate

INTROREFERRAL

READER REACTIONS

0 COMMENTS

WHAT DO YOU THINK?

What do you think?

0 votes

Discussion

Loading comments...

MORE INFORMATION

Committee Referrals

Energy and Natural Resources CommitteeReferred

Jun 10, 2026

senate

Related Hearings

Business meeting to consider S.140, to address the forest health crisis on the National Forest System and public lands, S.332, to require a study on Holocaust education efforts of States, local educational agencies, and public elementary and secondary schools, S.365 and H.R.1729, bills to amend the John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act to allow for additional entities to be eligible to complete the maintenance work on Bolts Ditch and the Bolts Ditch Headgate within the Holy Cross Wilderness, Colorado, S.764, to provide for the designation of certain wilderness areas, recreation management areas, and conservation areas in the State of Colorado, S.789, to require reports on critical mineral and rare earth element resources around the world and a strategy for the development of advanced mining, refining, separation, and processing technologies, S.791, to establish the Justice Thurgood Marshall National Historic Site in the State of Maryland as an affiliated area of the National Park System, S.888, to designate certain land administered by the Bureau of Land Management and the Forest Service in the State of Oregon as wilderness and national recreation areas, to withdraw certain land located in Curry County and Josephine County, Oregon, from all forms of entry, appropriation, or disposal under the public land laws, location, entry, and patent under the mining laws, and operation under the mineral leasing and geothermal leasing laws, S.945, to amend the Smith River National Recreation Area Act to include certain additions to the Smith River National Recreation Area, to amend the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act to designate certain wild rivers in the State of Oregon, S.1088 and H.R.2290, bills to provide that the memorial to commemorate the sacrifice and service of the women who worked on the home front to support the efforts of the United States military during World War II may be located on the National Mall, S.1288, to amend the John D. Dingell, Jr. Conservation, Management, and Recreation Act to designate as a component of the National Heritage Area System the Finger Lakes National Heritage Area in the State of New York, S.1341, to amend the Colorado Wilderness Act of 1993 to add certain land to the Sarvis Creek Wilderness, S.1349, to withdraw the National Forest System land in the Ruby Mountains subdistrict of the Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest and the National Wildlife Refuge System land in Ruby Lake National Wildlife Refuge, Elko and White Pine Counties, Nevada, from operation under the mineral leasing laws, S.1413, to authorize additional funding for the San Joaquin River Restoration Settlement Act, S.1476, to amend the Wild and Scenic Rivers Act to designate certain segments of the Gila River system in the State of New Mexico as components of the National Wild and Scenic Rivers System, to provide for the transfer of administrative jurisdiction over certain Federal land in the State of New Mexico, S.1547, to amend title 54, United States Code, to reauthorize the National Parks and Public Land Legacy Restoration Fund, S.1737, to designate and expand wilderness areas in Olympic National Forest in the State of Washington, and to designate certain rivers in Olympic National Forest and Olympic National Park as wild and scenic rivers, S.1870, to adjust the boundary of the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area to include the Rim of the Valley Corridor, S.2437 and H.R.3857, bills to amend the Snow Water Supply Forecasting Program Authorization Act, S.2753, to amend the Omnibus Public Land Management Act of 2009 to authorize certain extraordinary operation and maintenance work for urban canals of concern, S.3500 and H.R.3657, bills to amend the Federal Power Act to require the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission to annually submit to Congress a report on the status of ongoing hydropower relicensing applications, S.3518, to amend the Federal Power Act to address certain alterations in, and the maintenance and repair of, project works, to provide for the licensing of micro hydrokinetic energy projects, S.3526, to provide for the protection of and investment in certain Federal land in the State of California, S.3693, to extend the authorization for a large-scale water recycling and reuse grant program, S.3723, to require the Secretary of the Interior to conduct a study to determine the feasibility of constructing a project to supply municipal, rural, and industrial water from the Missouri River to the Western Dakota Regional Water System, S.3732, to amend the Water Infrastructure Improvements for the Nation Act to authorize assistance under the storage program, S.3736, to require the Secretary of the Interior to conduct a study to determine the feasibility of constructing a project to supply municipal, rural, and industrial water to the Dakota Mainstem Regional Water System service area in the States of South Dakota, Iowa, Nebraska, and Minnesota, S.3743, to direct the Secretary of

Energy and Natural Resources Committee (senate)Jun 10, 2026

Video

Hearings to examine S.362, to allow certain Federal minerals to be mined consistent with the Bull Mountains Mining Plan Modification, S.544, to provide for the location of multiple hardrock mining mill sites, to establish the Abandoned Hardrock Mine Fund, S.596, to establish a pilot program to support domestic critical material processing, S.714, to amend the Energy Act of 2020 to include critical materials in the definition of critical mineral, S.789, to require reports on critical mineral and rare earth element resources around the world and a strategy for the development of advanced mining, refining, separation, and processing technologies, and S.859, to modify the requirements applicable to locatable minerals on public domain land.

Energy and Natural Resources Committee (senate)Mar 12, 2025

Transcript Video

Search

Critical Minerals Security Act of 2025

LEGISLATIVE PROGRESS

WHAT THE BILL DOES

KEY PROVISIONS

SPONSORSHIP

ACTION TIMELINE

BILL INFO

READER REACTIONS

Discussion

Critical Minerals Security Act of 2025

LEGISLATIVE PROGRESS

WHAT THE BILL DOES

KEY PROVISIONS

DEADLINES & DATES

GLOSSARY

ACTION TIMELINE

SPONSORS

READER REACTIONS

What do you think?

Discussion

MORE INFORMATION

Committee Referrals

Related Hearings