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Federal Election Campaign Act of 1971 (FECA)

The main U.S. law that regulates campaign finance in federal elections, setting rules for contributions, spending, and disclosure.

Super PAC

A type of political committee that can raise and spend unlimited amounts of money to support or oppose political candidates, but cannot directly coordinate with campaigns.

Foreign National

A person who is not a U.S. citizen, national, or lawfully admitted permanent resident, or a foreign government, political party, or business.

Electioneering Communication

A broadcast, cable, or satellite communication that refers to a clearly identified federal candidate and is aired shortly before an election in the candidate's electoral area.

Disbursement

The act of paying out money, especially for campaign-related expenses.

Independent Expenditure

Spending by an individual or group to advocate for or against a political candidate that is not coordinated with any candidate's campaign.

Quid pro quo corruption

A Latin phrase meaning 'something for something,' referring to an illegal exchange where an official gives a favor in return for a campaign contribution or other benefit.