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Liability Shield

A legal protection that prevents individuals or companies from being held responsible for certain types of harm or damages through lawsuits.

Civil Action

A lawsuit brought in court by one party (the plaintiff) against another (the defendant) to enforce a right or to seek compensation for a wrong, as opposed to a criminal case.

National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (NVICP)

A federal program that provides compensation to people who have been injured by certain vaccines. It's often referred to as a 'no-fault' program because it doesn't require proving negligence to receive compensation.

Public Health Service Act

The main federal law that authorizes a wide range of public health programs and activities in the United States.

PREP Act (Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act)

A law that provides liability immunity (legal protection) to certain individuals and entities for covered countermeasures (like vaccines, drugs, or devices) used during a public health emergency, often to encourage their rapid development and distribution.

Covered Countermeasure

Medical products such as vaccines, drugs, or devices that are protected by the PREP Act when used in response to a public health emergency, granting liability immunity to those involved in their development, manufacture, and administration.