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Advanced Integrated Circuit

A highly powerful computer chip, defined by specific technical measures like processing performance, memory bandwidth, or how it's classified under export rules, used for things like high-performance computing or artificial intelligence.

Export Control Reform Act of 2018

A federal law that governs how the U.S. regulates the export of certain commercial items, including technologies, to protect national security interests.

Foreign Adversary Country

A country identified by law as a security threat to the United States; this bill specifically includes places like China, Macau, and Hong Kong.

Export

Sending goods or technology from the United States to another country.

Reexport

Sending goods or technology that originated in the United States from one foreign country to another foreign country.

In-country Transfer

Transferring goods or technology that originated in the United States to a different entity within the same foreign country.

License Requirement

A rule stating that a special permit from the government is needed before certain items or technologies can be exported or transferred.