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Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)

A federal law that regulates how consumer credit information is collected, accessed, used, and distributed by credit bureaus and others.

Consumer Report

A report from a credit bureau that contains information about a person's credit history, financial transactions, and sometimes other personal data.

Investigative Consumer Report

A more in-depth report that includes information about a person's character, reputation, personal characteristics, or lifestyle, often gathered through interviews with references or neighbors.

Employment Purposes

When an employer uses information to make decisions about hiring, firing, promotion, demotion, or any other aspect of a person's job.

Adverse Employment Decisions

Actions taken by an employer that negatively affect an applicant or employee, such as not hiring, not promoting, or firing someone.

National Security Clearance

A determination by the government that a person is eligible to access classified information, which often requires a thorough background check including financial history.