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First Responder

A firefighter, law enforcement officer, member of a rescue squad or ambulance crew, or an officially recognized paramedic ALS intercept service member.

Serious bodily injury

Physical injury that involves a substantial risk of death, extreme physical pain, protracted and obvious disfigurement, or protracted loss or impairment of the function of a bodily member, organ, or mental faculty. (Though not explicitly defined in *this* bill text, it is a standard legal term central to the crime description.)

Title 18, United States Code

The section of federal law that deals with crimes and criminal procedure in the United States.

Interstate or foreign commerce

Activities involving trade, travel, or communication that cross state lines or international borders, which can trigger federal jurisdiction.

Jurisdiction

The authority of a court or government agency to hear a case or enforce laws.

Attorney General

The head of the U.S. Department of Justice and the chief law enforcement officer of the federal government.