This bill would primarily affect individuals who have committed or are suspected of committing serious national security offenses, such as espionage or acting as an undeclared agent of a foreign government. It also applies to those who have unlawfully obtained U.S. citizenship if that act was specifically done to help with foreign agent activities.

For these individuals, the risk of prosecution for their alleged crimes would never expire, regardless of how much time has passed since the offense occurred. It could also affect current and future national security investigations by giving law enforcement and prosecutors unlimited time to gather evidence and bring charges for these specific crimes.