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Civil action

A lawsuit brought before a court by a private party, seeking to enforce a right or to recover compensation for harm, as opposed to a criminal case.

Damages

Money awarded by a court to a person who has been harmed by the actions of another, intended to compensate for losses.

Future earning potential

An estimate of the money an individual would likely have earned over their working life, used in court to calculate compensation for lost wages due to injury or wrongful death.

Protected class

A group of people sharing a common characteristic (like race, gender, or religion) who are legally protected from discrimination under federal law.

Forensic economists

Experts who apply economic theories and methods to legal cases, often calculating financial losses like lost wages or business profits.

Judicial Conference of the United States

The principal policy-making body for the federal court system, responsible for creating and reviewing administrative policies.

Administrative Office of the United States Courts

The administrative agency of the federal judicial branch, providing a wide range of administrative, legislative, and public affairs services to the federal courts.