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Integrated Circuit Product

A common term for a computer chip, which is a tiny electronic circuit containing many transistors that performs specific functions in electronic devices like computers and smartphones. 'Covered' products refer to specific advanced types designated by export control numbers.

Chip Security Mechanism

A feature built into a computer chip or its accompanying software/firmware that helps protect it. This can involve software, firmware, hardware, or physical protections, like location verification.

Export Control Classification Number (ECCN)

A code used by the U.S. government to categorize items and determine if an export license is needed. It helps control which sensitive items can be sent to certain countries or end-users.

Export

Sending an item from the United States to a foreign country.

Reexport

Sending an item from one foreign country to another foreign country, after it has already left the United States.

In-country Transfer

Moving an item to a different recipient or location within the same foreign country.

Sense of Congress