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Resolution

A formal expression of opinion or purpose by a legislative body, like the House of Representatives, that does not typically become law.

Chief Judge

The administrative head of a court, responsible for managing its operations, but still holding the same judicial powers as other judges.

Good Behavior

A constitutional requirement for federal judges, meaning they hold their office for life unless they engage in misconduct that warrants removal through impeachment (or, as argued here, a removal action based on this clause).

Article III of the Constitution

The part of the U.S. Constitution that establishes the judicial branch of the federal government, including the Supreme Court and lower federal courts, and outlines the powers of federal judges.

President's constitutional prerogatives

The unique powers and rights granted to the President by the U.S. Constitution, especially in areas like foreign policy, national security, and commanding the military.

Alien Enemies Act

A U.S. law passed in 1798 that allows the President, in times of war or declared national emergency, to apprehend, restrain, secure, and remove non-citizens from countries with which the U.S. is at war or in conflict.