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Joint resolution

A legislative measure, similar to a bill, that requires approval by both chambers of Congress (House and Senate) and the President's signature to become law. Often used for specific purposes, like disapproving regulations under the Congressional Review Act.

Rule (or Regulation)

A specific guideline or instruction issued by a government agency (like the EPA or DOE) to carry out a law passed by Congress. These rules have the force of law.

Congressional Review Act (CRA)

A law that allows Congress to review and disapprove new federal agency rules. If both chambers pass a 'resolution of disapproval' and the President signs it (or Congress overrides a veto), the rule is overturned and cannot be reissued in a similar form without new legislation.

Points of order

Formal challenges made by a member of Congress during floor debate, claiming that the legislative body is violating its own rules or procedures. Waiving them means these challenges cannot be used to stop or delay a vote.

Previous question

A procedural motion in the House of Representatives that, if adopted, immediately ends debate on a measure and forces a vote on its final passage or on amendments, without further discussion or motions.

Motion to recommit

A procedural motion in the House of Representatives that, if adopted, sends a bill back to the committee that originally considered it, often with instructions to amend it. It is frequently used as a final attempt by the minority party to change a bill or prevent its passage.