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Help America Vote Act of 2002

A federal law passed after the 2000 presidential election to improve the administration of elections in the United States, including establishing minimum standards for voting equipment and voter registration.

Federal elections

Elections for national offices, such as President, Vice President, U.S. Senators, and U.S. Representatives.

Absentee voting / No-excuse absentee voting

A method of voting where a voter casts a ballot before an election, typically by mail, without needing a specific reason (like illness or travel) to do so. 'Universal right to vote by mail' is synonymous with 'no-excuse absentee voting.'

Mail-in ballot

A ballot sent to a voter through the mail, which the voter then completes and returns, usually by mail, to be counted in an election.

Cure discrepancy/defect

The process by which a voter is given a chance to fix an issue with their ballot, such as a missing signature or a signature that doesn't match records, so that their vote can be counted.

Election official

A person responsible for administering elections at the state or local level, such as a county clerk or election board member.