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Appropriations Acts

Laws passed by Congress that authorize the government to spend money for specific purposes. These acts often include detailed conditions or restrictions on how funds can be used.

Proviso

A condition or restriction written into a law or contract, often introduced by words like 'provided that...'. In this bill, provisos previously restricted federal agencies from conducting gun violence research or using certain data.

Institution of higher education

A college, university, or other post-secondary school that offers degrees or certificates, as defined by federal education law.

Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy

A high-ranking official within the Executive Office of the President who advises the President on scientific and technological matters.

Interagency working group

A temporary or permanent team made up of representatives from different government agencies who collaborate on a specific task or issue.

Gun trace data

Information collected by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF) that tracks the first retail sale of a gun from a licensed dealer and subsequent sales when they are voluntarily reported, primarily used for criminal investigations.