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Ranked Choice Voting (RCV)

A voting system where voters rank candidates in order of preference instead of choosing just one. If no candidate wins a majority of first-place votes, the lowest-ranked candidate is eliminated, and their votes are redistributed to the next ranked choice until a candidate achieves a majority.

Multi-member congressional districts

A voting area from which multiple representatives are elected simultaneously, rather than one representative from each smaller district. Voters in these districts would cast ballots to fill several seats at once.

Nonpartisan criteria

Rules used for drawing electoral district boundaries that do not take into account political party affiliation, voter registration data, or past election results, focusing instead on factors like population equality, compactness, and contiguity.

Gerrymandering

The practice of manipulating the boundaries of electoral districts to favor one political party or group over another, often resulting in oddly shaped districts that are not competitive.

At-large election

An election where representatives are chosen by all voters across an entire state or a large district, rather than from smaller, individual districts. Each voter has a say in electing all the representatives for that area.

Help America Vote Act of 2002 (HAVA)