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De novo regulated institution

A newly established bank or credit union that has recently received a charter and begun operations.

Federal financial institutions regulatory agencies

The federal government bodies that oversee and regulate banks and credit unions, such as the Federal Reserve, FDIC, OCC, and NCUA.

Capital raising

The process by which a new business, like a bank or credit union, obtains money from investors or other sources to fund its startup costs and operations.

Accredited investor

A person or entity allowed to invest in certain complex or high-risk investments, typically defined by high income or net worth, or by being a financial professional.

State regulator

A state government agency responsible for overseeing financial institutions chartered within that state.

Community development financial institution (CDFI)

A specialized financial institution that provides financial services in underserved markets to low-income individuals and communities that lack access to financing.

Minority depository institution (MDI)

A financial institution where 51% or more of the voting stock is owned by minority individuals, or where the majority of the board of directors is minority and the community it serves is primarily minority.