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Three-judge courts

Special federal district courts consisting of three judges instead of the usual one, traditionally convened for specific types of cases, such as those challenging the constitutionality of certain state or federal laws.

Interlocutory or permanent injunction

A court order. An 'interlocutory' injunction is temporary, issued while a lawsuit is ongoing to prevent harm. A 'permanent' injunction is a final order telling someone to do or stop doing something indefinitely.

Writ of certiorari

An order from a higher court (like an appeals court) to a lower court, requesting that the lower court send up the record of a case for review. It's the primary way cases are selected for review by the D.C. Circuit under this bill.

Multi-circuit panel

A special 13-judge panel created within the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals by this bill, composed of randomly selected judges from different federal appeals courts, tasked with hearing major federal cases.

Nationwide injunction

A court order issued by a federal judge that applies across the entire United States, typically preventing the federal government from enforcing a law, regulation, or policy everywhere.

Shadow docket

Refers to the Supreme Court's (and under this bill, the D.C. Circuit's) use of emergency orders and summary decisions, often made quickly and without full public argument, to decide significant legal issues.