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Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC)

An independent agency that regulates the interstate transmission of electricity, natural gas, and oil. It also reviews proposals to build interstate natural gas pipelines and storage facilities.

Natural Gas Act (NGA)

A federal law that gives FERC jurisdiction over the transportation and sale of natural gas in interstate commerce, including the siting and approval of interstate natural gas pipelines.

National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA)

A foundational environmental law requiring federal agencies to assess the environmental effects of their proposed actions before making decisions. This typically involves preparing environmental impact statements or environmental assessments.

NEPA review

The process where a federal agency studies and evaluates the potential environmental impacts of a proposed project, as required by the National Environmental Policy Act.

Federal authorization

Any approval, license, permit, or permission required from a federal agency for a project to proceed.

Section 401 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act

A section of the Clean Water Act that allows states and authorized tribes to certify that proposed federal projects, like pipelines, that may discharge into navigable waters, will comply with state water quality standards.