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Bilateral Relationship

The political, economic, or cultural interactions between two countries.

Sanctions

Penalties or restrictions, often economic or travel-related, imposed by one country on another (or on specific individuals or entities) to achieve a political objective.

African National Congress (ANC)

The political party that has held the governing majority and controlled South Africa's executive branch since 1994.

Malign Actors

Countries, organizations, or individuals whose actions are considered hostile, harmful, or contrary to the interests of another country or international stability.

Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO)

A designation by the U.S. Secretary of State for foreign organizations found to engage in terrorist activity that threatens the security of U.S. nationals or national security.

Nonalignment

A foreign policy approach where a country does not formally align itself with any major power bloc or alliance in international relations.