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Lawful Permanent Resident (LPR)

A person who has been granted the right to live permanently in the United States. Also commonly known as a "green card" holder.

STEM Field

Refers to academic disciplines in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, including areas like computer science, biological sciences, and engineering.

Nonimmigrant Status

A temporary legal status granted to foreign nationals for a specific purpose (like studying or tourism), with the expectation they will return to their home country.

Labor Certification

A process where the U.S. Department of Labor certifies that there are not enough U.S. workers who are able, willing, qualified, and available to perform a job, and that hiring a foreign worker will not negatively impact the wages and working conditions of U.S. workers. This is usually a required step for certain types of employment-based green cards.

Dual Intent

An immigration concept that allows a foreign national to hold a temporary visa (like a student visa) while also having the intention to eventually seek permanent residency in the United States.

Numerical Limitations

Annual caps or quotas set by immigration law on the number of immigrants who can receive green cards, often broken down by country of origin or visa category.