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National Labor Relations Act (NLRA)

A foundational federal law that protects the rights of most private sector employees to organize, join, or assist labor organizations, to bargain collectively through representatives of their own choosing, and to engage in other concerted activities for the purpose of collective bargaining or other mutual aid or protection.

Exclusive Representative

A labor organization (union) that has been chosen by employees to represent them for the purpose of collective bargaining with their employer. Once chosen, the union represents all employees in the bargaining unit, even those who are not union members.

Secret Ballot Election

An election process where each voter's choice is kept confidential, typically by casting votes in private. This ensures that employees can vote without fear of intimidation or pressure from employers, unions, or co-workers.

Employee Participation

The extent to which employees are involved in a decision-making process, in this case, by casting a vote in an election concerning union representation.

Collective Bargaining

A process where a group of employees, through their chosen representatives (a union), negotiate with their employer over wages, hours, and other terms and conditions of employment.