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Social Security Act (Titles XVIII & XIX)

The main federal law that established many social welfare programs, including Medicare (Title XVIII, for older adults and some people with disabilities) and Medicaid (Title XIX, for low-income individuals and families).

Medicare Program

A federal health insurance program for people who are 65 or older, certain younger people with disabilities, and people with End-Stage Renal Disease.

Medicaid Program

A joint federal and state program that helps cover healthcare costs for people with limited income and resources.

Manufacturer Rebates

Payments made by drug companies to federal and state governments (usually for Medicare and Medicaid programs) to help offset the cost of prescription drugs. These rebates are often calculated based on drug price increases or discounts offered.

Line Extension

A new version of an existing drug, often with minor changes (e.g., a new dosage, different formulation, or different delivery method). For rebate calculations, they are sometimes treated similarly to the original drug.

Priority Research Drug

A specific designation created by this bill for older drugs (10+ years since original approval) being studied for a new medical use that addresses a significant, currently untreated condition, especially for conditions common among federal healthcare beneficiaries.