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Undersea Cable

Long cables laid on the ocean floor that carry internet, telephone, and other data communications between continents and countries.

Foreign Adversary

A foreign government or entity that is considered a threat to the national security or foreign policy of the United States.

Export Controls

Government regulations that restrict the sale or transfer of certain goods, software, and technology to foreign countries or individuals, typically for national security or foreign policy reasons.

Commerce Control List (CCL)

A list maintained by the U.S. Department of Commerce that identifies specific items requiring a license for export, reexport, or transfer, based on national security, foreign policy, or other reasons.

Export Administration Regulations (EAR)

A set of U.S. government regulations that control the export and reexport of most commercial items, including 'dual-use' items that have both commercial and military applications.

Appropriate Congressional Committees

Specific committees in the House of Representatives (Foreign Affairs) and the Senate (Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs) designated to receive reports and briefings related to this Act.