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Born-Alive

An infant who shows any evidence of life (such as breathing, heartbeat, or definite movement of voluntary muscles) after being fully expelled from the mother, regardless of gestational age or whether the umbilical cord has been cut.

Health Care Practitioner

A doctor, nurse, or other medical professional who provides health care services.

Title 18, United States Code

The section of federal law dealing with crimes and criminal procedure.

Abortion

The use of any instrument, medicine, drug, or other substance or device to intentionally kill an unborn child or intentionally end a pregnancy, excluding procedures meant to produce a live birth after viability to save the child's life or health, or to remove a dead unborn child.

Gestational Age

The age of an embryo or fetus calculated from the first day of the woman's last menstrual period.

Civil Action

A lawsuit brought in court to protect a private right or to redress a private injury, distinct from criminal proceedings.

Punitive Damages

Monetary damages awarded by a court to punish a defendant for malicious, willful, or reckless behavior, rather than to compensate the plaintiff for actual losses.