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Decennial Census

The official count of the U.S. population conducted every ten years by the U.S. Census Bureau, as required by the Constitution.

Apportionment

The process of distributing the 435 seats in the U.S. House of Representatives among the states based on population counts from the decennial census.

Representatives

Members of the U.S. House of Representatives, who represent congressional districts within states based on population.

Alien

Any person who is not a citizen or national of the United States. This can include individuals lawfully residing (e.g., green card holders) or unlawfully residing.

National of the United States

A person who owes permanent allegiance to the U.S. but is not necessarily a U.S. citizen (e.g., a person born in American Samoa or Swains Island).

Electoral Votes

The votes cast by electors in the Electoral College to elect the President and Vice President. Each state's number of electoral votes is equal to its total number of Representatives plus its two Senators.

Severability Clause

A legal provision in a bill that states if one part of the law is found to be unconstitutional, the remaining parts of the law should still stand and be enforced.