The Americans most directly affected by this bill are the members of the Pueblos of Acoma, Laguna, Jemez, and Zia in New Mexico. The bill directly impacts their legal right to water from the Rio San Jose and Rio Jemez river systems, which is crucial for their land management, agriculture, cultural practices, and community development.

Other water users in these specific river basins, such as various irrigation ditch associations (Acequias), the City of Grants, the Village of Milan, and potentially the Navajo Nation (as mentioned in one of the settlement agreements), would also be affected. The settlements bring clarity and certainty to the overall water allocation in these river systems, potentially impacting how other parties can plan and use water. The State of New Mexico and the U.S. federal government are also directly involved, as they are parties to the agreements and responsible for their implementation and funding.