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Orphan Well

An oil or gas well that is no longer productive, has been abandoned, and often has no solvent owner responsible for its cleanup.

Methane Emissions

The release of methane gas (a potent greenhouse gas) into the atmosphere, often from sources like oil and gas wells.

Plugging and Remediation

The process of sealing an abandoned oil or gas well (plugging) to prevent leaks, and cleaning up any associated environmental damage (remediation).

Energy Policy Act of 2005

A federal law that provides a framework for various energy-related programs and policies, including provisions for abandoned well cleanup.

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Private, nonprofit organizations that advise the nation on science, engineering, and medicine through independent, expert reports.

Secretary of the Interior

The head of the U.S. Department of the Interior, a federal executive department responsible for the management and conservation of most federal land and natural resources.