Bills · HJRES 102
IN COMMITTEE· 119TH CONGRESS
House Joint Res.HJRES 102Government Operations and Politics
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States providing that the Senate is made more representative by adding twelve Senators to be elected using a national popular vote, and providing for twelve Electors at-large for President and Vice-President, who shall cast their ballots for the respective winners of the national popular vote.
INTRO JUN 25· LAST ACTION JUN 25
READING
4MIN
COSPONSORS
0
READER REACTIONS0 TOTAL
NO VOTES YET · BE THE FIRST
- Introduced only
LEGISLATIVE PROGRESS
STEP 2 / 8Introduced
In Committee
Reported
Passed House
Passed Senate
Conference
To President
Became Law
WHAT THE BILL DOES
AI-writtenThis bill matters because it proposes a fundamental change to the structure of the U.S. government, impacting both legislative and executive branches. If it becomes law, it would address long-standing debates about national representation versus state representation in the Senate, by adding senators elected by the entire population, potentially giving more voice to large population centers. It would also inject a direct national popular vote component into the presidential election, which is currently decided by the Electoral College.
Currently, the Senate is composed of two senators per state, regardless of population, and the presidency can be won without winning the national popular vote. This amendment would directly alter both of those systems. If it doesn't become law, the current systems for electing senators and the president would remain unchanged, preserving the existing balance of state power and the Electoral College's role in presidential elections.
KEY PROVISIONS
5AI-extractedPROVISION 01
Adds twelve Senators at-large to the U.S. Senate, who would be elected by a national popular vote for six-year terms.
This fundamentally changes the composition of the Senate by introducing members elected by the entire country, not just individual states.
PROVISION 02
Establishes twelve Electors at-large for President and Vice-President, who must cast their ballots for the candidates winning the national popular vote.
This introduces a direct national popular vote element into the Electoral College system for presidential elections.
PROVISION 03
Senators at-large seats would be divided into three classes, with one-third (four senators) up for election every two years.
This ensures staggered elections for the new national senators, maintaining continuity and preventing a complete turnover at once.
PROVISION 04
Vacancies for Senators at-large would be filled by gubernatorial appointment from the departing senator's state, of the same political party, with special elections held for longer unexpired terms.
This provides a mechanism for quickly filling empty seats while attempting to maintain the original national electoral intent and party balance.
PROVISION 05
Extends the application of these changes to U.S. territories and the District of Columbia, allowing their residents to participate in these new national elections.
This grants greater electoral participation to residents of territories and D.C. in the Senate and presidential elections.
SPONSORSHIP
1 + 0
D· Illinois
YRS IN OFFICE
7
BILLS LED
50
ACTION TIMELINE
2 EVENTSJUN 25
Introduced in House
JUN 25
Referred to the House Committee on the Judiciary.
BILL INFO
TypeHouse Joint Resolution
NumberHJRES 102
Congress119th
StatusIn Committee
IntroducedJun 25, 2025
Last actionJun 25, 2025
READER REACTIONS
OVERALL SENTIMENT
No reactions yet. Be the first to weigh in.
Discussion
Loading comments...
IN COMMITTEE· 119TH CONGRESS · JUDICIARY COMMITTEE · INTRODUCED JUN 25, 2025
House Joint Res.HJRES 102Government Operations and Politics
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States providing that the Senate is made more representative by adding twelve Senators to be elected using a national popular vote, and providing for twelve Electors at-large for President and Vice-President, who shall cast their ballots for the respective winners of the national popular vote.
INTRODUCED JUN 25, 2025· LAST ACTION JUN 25, 2025
PASSAGE CHANCES
—%
READING
4 min
COSPONSORS
0
COMPLEXITY
Moderate
